Almost a century ago surgery was the only choice for the treatment of breast cancer.

Now we have a whole range of options thanks to which cure rates have significantly improved. The downside however are the side effects of adjuvant treatment that may be unnecessary in a significant number of patients.

This presentation tracks the prognostic and predictive factors in breast cancer that have been used to stratify patients into those that would benefit from adjuvant therapy from those that would not, so as to reduce the unnecessary, but real, morbidity of treatment.